今天,专家就帮大家整理了托福写作中最常见的22个失分点。你的写作,是不是也踩到地雷了呢?
1.结构不平行
例子:I was able toraise my TOEFL score by studying hard and I read lots of books.
将一系列的单词连接起来的时候,应当使用词性相同或同一类型的短语。
2.不知所云
例子:Many companiesbegan using computers mouth.
3.段落过长,不分段,主语与动词一致问题
例子:She are a goodfriend of mine that I has known for a long time.
主语和动词不一致。
4.句子别扭
例子:We heated the soupin the microwave for too long and the shape of the container changed.
措辞过长或不清。换言之,句子显得滑稽可笑。
5.拼写错误主语、动词或宾语有问题
例子:I want to buysomething for my mother that she will like it. There was a terrible accidenthappen yesterday.
句子的基本结构有问题,缺少主语、动词或宾语,或者这些成分重复。
6.语气与文章不符
例子:I was kind of madat the guy who vociferated angry words at me. I have heard many wonderfulthings about such cosmopolitan cities as Paris, London, Tokyo, and Hong Kongand I would love to visit these cities to check them out.
语气与文章其他部分不相符,可能是过于正式或者太不正式。
7.代词指代不明
例子:If people do notspeak the same language, it has a greater chance of miscommunication. I intend tocomplete my studies in the United States because they have good programs there.
代词所指代的指示词(介词所代替的名词)不清楚。
8.过于笼统
例子:We should use ourresources on Earth because the Earth is getting worse.
句子或者所表达的意思过于笼统,不能提供多少信息。
9.动词时态错误
例子:Yesterday I willgo to the store because tomorrow I needed some food.
动词时态不正确,检查一下是应该用现在时、过去时、将来时或者是完成时等等。
10.介词多余
例子:I would like todiscuss about something important that you mentioned about to me duringyesterday. We went to downtown yesterday to buy a watch. When I first came tothe US, I did not have a lot of friends in here. In class, my classmate nevermentioned about her husband.
在表示这种意思时此单词不能与介词连用。这种情况常见于downtown,home,there,here等词。这些词语在英语中是副词而非名词,因而不能在它们前面添加介词。
11.跑题或不相关
例子:There are manyreasons to buy a car, preferably a nice car.这个与okay for childrento fail sometimes.所表达的意思很普通,大多数人都已经知道了,因而就没有必要再说出来。
12.标点问题
例子:I love *** I like to help them. Because they are helpless. So I want to become a vet.
许多学生在句子中使用了太多的句号,尤其是当他们用手写的时候。
13.重复冗余
例子:Personally, Ibelieve what the newspaper prints.
一种意思的表述不止一次,或者某个词语不必要。
14.单数/复数
例子:Many year ago,dinosaur roamed the Earths.
单词需要从单数变为复数,或者由复数变成单数。单数可数名词不能单独使用,应该将其变为复数形式或者加上限定词(a, the, my, his, her, Gary’s, no, any, 1, 3,50, most,等等)。
15.不要使用缩写
在正式的写作中不要使用缩写形式(can’t,don’t,it’s,we’ll,they’ve等等),而应当使用单词的完整形式(cannot,do not,it is,we will,they have等等)。
16.关联词语重复
例子:Since I want to goto a good school, therefore I am trying to raise my test scores.
不能在该句的主要主语和主要动词前使用连词。
17.句子不完整
例子:Many students havea hard time passing all the tests to getsintoscollege. For example, my friendin high school.
句子没有主要主语或主要动词,因为其实它应是一个从句。这是一个非常常见的错误,修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来。
18.不要使用get
例子:When I got home, Igot tired, so I got a book and gotsintosbed.
get太不正式,意思也过于含糊,不适合用在正式的场合。应将get改为一个更加具体的单词,如become, receive, find, achieve,等等。
19.书写难以辨认信息不正确
例子:I would like tostudy in America because all modern technology originated there.
传递信息不正确,或者让人听起来觉得可能不正确(如果确实是正确的,应当解释为什么这样,因为读者不认为是正确的)。上述例句中,all的意思是百分之百,我们不能绝对地说每一件新东西都是从美国诞生的。为保险起见,应当使用many或most。非英语单词Computers are very helpful and advantageable,尽管看起来像个单词,其实不是,至少不是个英文单词。使用这个单词的另一种形式。
20.选词不恰当
例子:I was late gettinghome because I lost my way.
在这种情况下不应该使用该词,可选择更好的词语。
21.单词形式不当
例子:I want to creationa great web site so that I can becoming wealth.
所使用的单词的形式不正确,检查一下应该使用该词的名词、形容词或副词形式的哪一种。
22.用词错误
例子:Even I don’t speakSpanish, I was able to find a bathroom in the department store. I gained a lotof pounds during vacation.
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